Tag Archives: apache

Htaccess – Deploy Custom Error Pages

Replicate the following patterns to serve your own set of custom error pages.

Simply replace the “/errors/###.html” with the correct path and file name. Also change the “###” preceding the path to summon pages for other errors. Note: your custom error pages must be larger than 512 bytes in size or they will be completely ignored by Internet Explorer:


# serve custom error pages

ErrorDocument 400 /errors/400.html

ErrorDocument 401 /errors/401.html

ErrorDocument 403 /errors/403.html

ErrorDocument 404 /errors/404.html

ErrorDocument 500 /errors/500.html

Htaccess – Block Evil Robots, Site Rippers, and Offline Browsers

 

Eliminate some of the unwanted scum from your userspace by injecting this handy block of code.

After such, any listed agents will be denied access and receive an error message instead. Please advise that there are much more comprehensive lists available this example has been truncated for business purposes. Note: DO NOT include the “[OR]” on the very last RewriteCond or your server will crash, delivering “500 Errors” to all page requests.


# deny access to evil robots site rippers offline browsers and other nasty scum
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Anarchie [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^ASPSeek [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^attach [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^autoemailspider [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Xaldon\ WebSpider [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Xenu [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Zeus.*Webster [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^Zeus
RewriteRule ^.* - [F,L]

Or, instead of delivering a friendly error message (i.e., the last line), send these bad boys to the hellish website of your choice by replacing the RewriteRule in the last line with one of the following two examples:


# send em to a hellish website of your choice
RewriteRule ^.*$ http://www.hellsite.com [R,L]

Or, to send em to a virtual blackhole of fake email addresses:

# send em to a virtual blackhole of fake email addresses
RewriteRule ^.*$ http://s2.spampoison.com [R,L]

You may also include specific referrers to your blacklist by using HTTP_REFERER. Here, we use the infamously scummy domain, “asae.org” as our blocked example, and we use “yourdomain” as your domain (the domain to which you are blocking asae.org):

RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} ^http://www.asae.org$
RewriteRule !^http://[^/.]\.yourdomain\.com.* - [F,L]

 

 

Htaccess – Improve Site Transfer Speed by Enabling File Caching

The htaccess genius over at askapache.com explains how to dramatically improve your site’s transfer speed by enabling file caching 3. Using time in seconds* to indicate the duration for which cached content should endure, we may generalize the htaccess rules as such (edit file types and time value to suit your needs):


# cache images and flash content for one month
<FilesMatch ".(flv|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|swf)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000"
</FilesMatch>

# cache text, css, and javascript files for one week
<FilesMatch ".(js|css|pdf|txt)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800"
</FilesMatch>

# cache html and htm files for one day
<FilesMatch ".(html|htm)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=43200"
</FilesMatch>

# implement minimal caching during site development
<FilesMatch "\.(flv|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|ico|js|css|pdf|swf|html|htm|txt)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=5"
</FilesMatch>

# explicitly disable caching for scripts and other dynamic files
<FilesMatch "\.(pl|php|cgi|spl|scgi|fcgi)$">
Header unset Cache-Control
</FilesMatch>

# alternate method for file caching
ExpiresActive On
ExpiresDefault A604800 # 1 week
ExpiresByType image/x-icon A2419200 # 1 month
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript A2419200 # 1 month
ExpiresByType text/css A2419200 # 1 month
ExpiresByType text/html A300 # 5 minutes
# disable caching for scripts and other dynamic files
<FilesMatch "\.(pl|php|cgi|spl|scgi|fcgi)$">
ExpiresActive Off
</FilesMatch>

* Convert common time intervals into seconds:
300 = 5 minutes
2700 = 45 minutes
3600 = 1 hour
54000 = 15 hours
86400 = 1 day
518400 = 6 days
604800 = 1 week
1814400 = 3 weeks
2419200 = 1 month
26611200 = 11 months
29030400 = 1 year = never expires